Topic

Civil

Every decision we've filed under Civil.

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Criminal 1244 Summary Judgment 481 Sentencing Guidelines 425 Civil Rights - Section 1983 406 Immigration (Civil) 360 Constitutional 356 Supervised Release 292 Drug Trafficking 280 Firearms 218 Civil Rights - Employment 208 Intellectual Property 165 Qualified Immunity 155
Apr 27 2026
4th Cir. 25-2035 Per Curiam

RACHEL A. ROYER v. SYNEOS HEALTH, LLC

The Fourth Circuit affirmed the dismissal of a Title VII religious accommodation claim because the plaintiff failed to prove extraordinary circumstances excused her failure to meet the 90-day administrative exhaustion deadline. The court also upheld the dismissal of state law fraud and punitive damages claims due to insufficient pleading particularity and the absence of a freestanding cause of action under North Carolina law.

Civil Civil Rights - Employment
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Apr 27 2026
5th Cir. 25-40647 Per Curiam

White v. Fifth Third Bank, N.A.

The Fifth Circuit affirmed summary judgment in a foreclosure dispute, ruling that non-diverse defendants were improperly joined because the plaintiff could not state viable claims against them. The court further held that the plaintiff's challenges to the bank's authority to foreclose and his due process claims were meritless under Texas law.

Civil Contract Summary Judgment
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Apr 27 2026
4th Cir. 25-1940 Per Curiam

Miyuki Maureen Johnson, as Trustee MMJ Foreign Express Trust and DK Johnson Estate Trust v. Freedom Mortgage Corporation; LoanDepot.com, LLC; Brock & Scott, PLLC

The Fourth Circuit affirmed the dismissal of nine consolidated civil actions filed by Miyuki Maureen Johnson, ruling that her claims were frivolous under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e)(2)(B)(i). The court held that Johnson failed to prove the existence of any lawful trust and cannot proceed pro se on behalf of non-existent entities.

Civil Contract
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Apr 27 2026
4th Cir. 25-1873 Per Curiam

BRIAN R. DELLA ROCCA v. SUSAN C. LEE

The Fourth Circuit affirmed the dismissal of a voting rights complaint, ruling that the plaintiff failed to demonstrate the concrete and particularized injury required for Article III standing. The court held that the alleged harms were conjectural rather than actual or imminent, rendering the claims non-justiciable.

Civil Civil Rights - Voting Standing
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Apr 27 2026
5th Cir. 25-10946 Per Curiam

Salvador Jimenez v. Eric Guerrero

The Fifth Circuit dismissed Salvador Jimenez's appeal because he failed to file a notice of appeal within the mandatory deadline set by the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure. The court held that this jurisdictional requirement applies strictly, regardless of the prisoner's request to proceed in forma pauperis or any claims of good faith.

Civil Civil Rights - PLRA / Prisoner
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Apr 27 2026
4th Cir. 25-1431 Panel Decision

TOM HUTTO v. CITY OF ROCK HILL

The Fourth Circuit affirmed summary judgment for the City of Rock Hill, ruling that a short-term rental host lacks standing to assert the constitutional rights of his transient guests. The court further held that the city's zoning regulations limiting short-term rentals are a valid exercise of traditional police power subject only to rational basis review.

Civil Civil Rights - Section 1983 Fourteenth Amendment - Equal Protection Standing
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Apr 27 2026
9th Cir. 24-7200 Unpublished

AGAPITO MORALES, ET AL. V. BLANCHE

The Ninth Circuit affirmed the dismissal of asylum and Convention Against Torture claims because the petitioners failed to submit required biometrics despite sixteen months of notice. The court held that the Immigration Judge did not abuse his discretion in deeming the applications abandoned and rejected due process arguments regarding legal assistance.

Civil Immigration (Civil) Sixth Amendment - Ineffective Assistance of Counsel
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Apr 27 2026
4th Cir. 25-2465 Per Curiam

Williams v. Smith

The Fourth Circuit affirmed the dismissal of Karen Williams' housing authority lawsuits due to her failure to properly serve the defendants. Because her informal appellate brief did not challenge the specific grounds for dismissal, she forfeited the right to appellate review of those rulings.

Civil Civil Rights - Housing Forfeiture / Penalty
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