9th Cir.

Joao Pedro Martins v. Pamela Bondi

March 24, 2026 ·UNKNOWN-1774924704975 ·Unpublished · By Raj Patel

The Ninth Circuit granted a petition for review of an immigration judge's denial of asylum and related relief. The court vacated the decision because the judge relied on multiple factual findings unsupported by substantial evidence.

Background

Petitioners Joao Pedro Martins and his minor daughter, citizens of Angola, sought asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture. An immigration judge denied their applications based on an adverse credibility determination. The Board of Immigration Appeals adopted the immigration judge’s order without disagreement.

The court’s reasoning

The court reviewed the adverse credibility determination for substantial evidence. It found that the immigration judge relied on four inconsistencies, one omission, one implausibility, and three instances of non-responsiveness. The court concluded that eight of these nine findings were unsupported. The judge incorrectly treated a trivial inconsistency regarding the petitioner’s father’s death as a basis for disbelief. The judge also failed to allow the petitioner to explain a misunderstanding about his time in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The court found the implausibility finding was based on speculation and lacked an opportunity for explanation. The non-responsiveness findings were also unsupported because the record did not show the petitioner refused to answer questions. The court held that the rejected findings gutted the credibility determination, requiring remand.

What it means going forward

The immigration judge must reconsider the credibility determination using only the single remaining factor. The judge may also consider reopening the record to allow further testimony from the petitioner.