4th Cir.

Paul Schultz v. H. Jason Gold

July 10, 2026 ·25-2195 ·Per Curiam · By Maria Santos

The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit affirmed multiple district court orders in a consolidated bankruptcy appeal involving Paul Schultz. The court dismissed two additional appeals for lack of jurisdiction over non-final orders.

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Background

Paul Schultz filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy relief in the Eastern District of Virginia. Clear Sky Financial, LLC, a creditor, sought a declaratory judgment on the enforceability of a loan, and the bankruptcy court granted summary judgment against Schultz. The Acting United States Trustee moved to convert the case to Chapter 7 or dismiss it, and the bankruptcy court converted the case. Schultz filed multiple appeals in district court regarding the summary judgment, the conversion, and various emergency motions, which were consolidated for appeal to the Fourth Circuit.

The court’s reasoning

The court reviewed the record and found no reversible error regarding the summary judgment affirmations and the conversion order. For the appeals concerning emergency motions to disqualify counsel, the court held that it lacks jurisdiction under twenty-eight U.S.C. Section twelve ninety-one and Section twelve ninety-two because the orders were neither final nor appealable interlocutory or collateral orders.

What it means going forward

The bankruptcy proceedings remain converted to Chapter 7, and the loan validity ruling stands. Schultz’s attempts to appeal non-final procedural orders were terminated, limiting his ability to challenge counsel disqualification motions at this stage.