9th Cir.

Joao Pedro Martins; T. M. M v. Pamela Bondi, Attorney General

March 24, 2026 ·UNKNOWN-1774672547820 ·Unpublished · By Raj Patel

The Ninth Circuit granted a petition for review of an immigration judge's denial of asylum and related relief. The court vacated the adverse credibility determination because the judge relied on findings unsupported by substantial evidence.

Background

Petitioners Joao Pedro Martins and his minor daughter, citizens of Angola, sought asylum, withholding of removal, and relief under the Convention Against Torture. An immigration judge denied their applications based on an adverse credibility determination. The Board of Immigration Appeals adopted the immigration judge’s order without disagreement.

The court’s reasoning

The court reviewed the adverse credibility determination for substantial evidence. It found that the immigration judge relied on four inconsistencies, one omission, one implausibility, and three instances of non-responsiveness. The court concluded that eight of these nine findings were not supported by substantial evidence. The court held that the alleged inconsistencies regarding meeting location, time in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the death of the petitioner’s father were either not genuine inconsistencies or were utterly trivial. The court also found that the petitioner was not given an opportunity to explain the alleged omission and implausibility. The court determined that the instances of non-responsiveness did not meet the legal standard because the petitioner did not refuse to answer questions. Because the rejected findings gutted the adverse credibility determination, the court remanded the case.

What it means going forward

The case is remanded to the immigration judge to determine if the remaining factor alone suffices to support an adverse credibility determination. The immigration judge may also consider reopening the record to allow further testimony.