11th Cir.

Holland v. Governor of the State of Georgia

May 11, 2026 ·1:25-cv-00502-MLB ·Per Curiam · By Aisha Johnson

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed the dismissal of a pro se plaintiff's constitutional challenge to Georgia's sex offender registry. The court held that the plaintiff's due process claim was time-barred because the alleged injury occurred in two thousand fifteen.

Background

Tyrone Holland, proceeding pro se, appealed the district court’s dismissal of his Section nineteen eighty-three action under twenty-eight U.S.C. Section one thousand nine hundred fifteen subsection E two B two. Holland challenged the constitutionality of Georgia’s sex offender registry statute, O.C.G.A. Section forty-two one twelve subsection E three, alleging it violated his due process right to fair notice. The district court dismissed the complaint sua sponte for being time-barred and failing to state a claim. Holland argued that the statute continued to injure him, but the Eleventh Circuit reviewed the timeliness of his claim de novo.

The court’s reasoning

The court applied a two-step analysis to determine if the claim was timely. First, the court identified that Holland’s alleged reputational injury occurred in two thousand fifteen when he was required to register as a sex offender. The cause of action accrued at that time, and no discrete new violations were alleged. Second, the court found that the two-year statute of limitations for personal injury actions in Georgia had long expired by the time Holland filed suit in two thousand twenty-five. The court further held that the continuing violation doctrine did not save the claim because Holland should have known to assert his rights in two thousand fifteen and provided no justification for the delay.

What it means going forward

This ruling reinforces that plaintiffs challenging sex offender registry statutes must file within the applicable statute of limitations from the date of the initial injury, even if the registry requirements continue to impose burdens.