Apr 16 2026
11th Cir. 8:22-cr-00409-WFJ-SPF-1 Per Curiam

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. HECTOR CABALLERO

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed Hector Caballero's convictions and 210-month sentence for drug trafficking aboard a vessel subject to U.S. jurisdiction. The court rejected Caballero's constitutional challenges to the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act and found no error in the district court's sentencing calculations or substantive reasonableness.

Apr 16 2026
4th Cir. 23-4686 Per Curiam

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. DON EUGENE NIXON, JR

The Fourth Circuit affirmed Don Eugene Nixon Jr.'s drug trafficking conviction and 720-month sentence, ruling that the district court did not commit plain error by omitting a specific voir dire question regarding gang bias. The court further held that the district court properly calculated the drug weight attributable to Nixon and that the sentence was reasonable under the statutory factors.

Apr 16 2026
11th Cir. 8:24-cr-00103-WFJ-SPF-1 Per Curiam

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. WINSTON PINNOCK

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed Winston Pinnock's convictions and 120-month sentence for drug trafficking under the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act. The court rejected constitutional challenges as foreclosed by binding precedent and found the district court's sentence substantively reasonable.

Apr 16 2026
11th Cir. 1:22-cr-20040-JEM-1 Per Curiam

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. ANGELO MARTINEZ

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed convictions under the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act, holding that binding precedent forecloses constitutional challenges regarding the Felonies Clause and nexus requirements. The court further ruled that recent Sentencing Guidelines amendments are substantive and do not apply retroactively to reduce sentences.

Apr 16 2026
11th Cir. 1:22-cr-20040-JEM-1 Per Curiam

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. ANGELO MARTINEZ

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed the convictions of three defendants under the Maritime Drug Law Enforcement Act, holding that binding precedent forecloses constitutional challenges regarding the Felonies Clause and U.S. nexus requirements. The court further ruled that recent Sentencing Guidelines amendments are substantive rather than clarifying, precluding their retroactive application to alter the defendants' sentences.

Apr 15 2026
11th Cir. 8:23-cr-00366-VMC-LSG-1 Per Curiam

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. JERMAINE JEROME CAMPBELL

The Eleventh Circuit affirmed Jermaine Campbell's 144-month sentence, rejecting his claim that the district court acted unreasonably by limiting its review of sentencing comparators to the Middle District of Florida. The court held that the geographic limitation did not preclude a proper assessment of sentencing disparities or render the sentence procedurally or substantively unreasonable.

Apr 15 2026
6th Cir. 24-5641 Published

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. JORGE FLORES (24-5610); KEVIN TIDWELL (24-5626); JOSE PINEDA-CACERES

The Sixth Circuit affirmed the RICO and VICAR convictions of three MS-13 members, rejecting challenges to a protective sweep, jury selection, and expert testimony. The court upheld the district court's evidentiary rulings and found sufficient evidence to support the life sentences imposed for gang-related murders.

Apr 15 2026
6th Cir. 24-5626 Published

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. JORGE FLORES (24-5610); KEVIN TIDWELL (24-5626); JOSE PINEDA-CACERES

The Sixth Circuit affirmed RICO and VICAR convictions for three MS-13 members, rejecting challenges to a protective sweep, jury selection, and expert testimony. The court held that the evidence sufficiently supported the gang-related murder conspiracy charges and that the district court did not abuse its discretion in its evidentiary rulings.

Apr 15 2026
6th Cir. 24-5610 Published

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA v. JORGE FLORES (24-5610); KEVIN TIDWELL (24-5626); JOSE PINEDA-CACERES

The Sixth Circuit affirmed the RICO and VICAR convictions of three MS-13 members, rejecting challenges to a protective sweep, jury selection, and evidentiary rulings. The court held that the district court acted within its discretion in denying suppression motions and admitting expert testimony regarding gang operations.

Apr 15 2026
8th Cir. 25-1508 Panel Decision

United States of America v. Buay Kong Chuol

The Eighth Circuit affirmed the denial of a motion to dismiss a firearm possession charge, holding that a panel cannot overrule a prior panel's decision on the constitutionality of 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3). The court rejected the defendant's request to reconsider settled Second Amendment precedent established in United States v. Veasley.